بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر شفافیت سیاست پولی در کشورهای منتخب خاورمیانه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه اقتصاد، دانشگاه ولیعصر رفسنجان

2 استاد دانشکده اقتصاد، مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه یزد

3 استادیار گروه اقتصاد نظری، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس تهران

چکیده

به لحاظ نظری شفافیت سیاست پولی معمولا به تقارن اطلاعات بین بانک مرکزی و بخش خصوصی اطلاق می‌شود. درجات بالای شفافیت عدم اطمینان را کاهش، استنباط بخش خصوصی از اهداف بانک مرکزی را بهبود و تاثیرگذاری سیاست پولی را افزایش می‌دهد. در دو دهه اخیر، بانک‌های مرکزی سراسر دنیا مجموعه‌ای از راهکارها را برای افزایش شفافیت سیاست پولی به کار گرفته‌اند. امروزه اکثر بانک‌های مرکزی گزارش‌های منظمی راجع به شرایط اقتصادی و مالی، وضعیت سیاست پولی و چشم‌انداز متغیرهای هدف منتشر می‌کنند. علاوه بر این اکثر بانک‌های مرکزی در کشورهای پیشرفته اهداف تورمی صریحی را در هدایت سیاست پولی اتخاذ کرده‌اند که می‌تواند به ‌عنوان یکی از جنبه‌های مهم شفافیت سیاست پولی مورد توجه قرار گیرد. اما حرکت به سوی شفافیت بیشتر سیاست پولی در بین اکثر کشورهای خاورمیانه از جمله ایران با کندی نسبی همراه بوده است. بر این اساس در این مطالعه با هدف بررسی عوامل مؤثر بر شفافیت سیاست پولی در کشورهای منتخب خاورمیانه در دوره 2010-1998، از روش داده‌های تابلویی استفاده‌ شده است. نتایج به ‌دست‌آمده از تخمین شش مدل، نشان‌دهنده نقش منفی معنادار تورم دوره گذشته و همچنین اثر مثبت معنادار متغیرهای تولید ناخالص داخلی سرانه، تعمیق مالی و افزایش درجه باز بودن اقتصاد بر میزان شفافیت سیاست پولی در کشورهای منتخب خاورمیانه است. همچنین در بین متغیرهای نهادی، عامل کارایی دولت نیز بر شفافیت سیاست پولی در این کشورها تاثیر مثبت داشته است. در حالی ‌که سایر متغیرهای نهادی اثر معناداری بر میزان شفافیت سیاست پولی نداشته‌اند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determinants of monetary policy transparency in selected Middle East countries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Omid Sattari 1
  • Kazem Yavari 2
  • Hassan Heydari 3
1 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Vali-e-Asr University, Rafsanjan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Economics, Yazd University,
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Economics, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Theoretically speaking, monetary policy transparency usually refers to the informational symmetry between the central bank and the private sector. High degrees of transparency reduce uncertainty, improve the private-sector inference about the central bank goals, and increase the effectiveness of monetary policies. Over the last two decades, central banks around the world have taken a variety of steps to enhance monetary policy transparency. Nowadays, most central banks provide regular reports on recent economic and financial conditions, the stance of monetary policies, and the outlook for various goal variables. In addition, most central banks in advanced economies have adopted explicit numerical inflation targets in their conduct of monetary policies, which can be considered as an important aspect of monetary policy transparency. However, this movement toward transparency in Middle East countries has been so blunt. So, in this paper, using the panel data approach, the factors affecting the monetary policy transparency in these countries have been evaluated. The results from six estimated models show the negative and significant effects of the past inflation and positive effect of per capita GDP, financial deepening and openness index enhancement. While government efficiency, as an institutional factor, has been affective on the central bank transparency, other institutional variables have no significant influence.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Central bank transparency
  • Panel data
  • Monetary policy
  • Middle East economies
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