The Evaluation of the Total Factor Productivity in Iran’s Manufacturing Sector

Document Type : Research Paper

Author

Assistant Professor in Economic, Payame Noor University (PNU)

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to study the total factor productivity variation and measurement of the technical efficiency in Iran's manufacturing sector. For this purpose, the productivity of 130 different industrial groups in the 1996-2007 period was analyzed using the Malmquist index and the data envelopment analysis approach on the basis of International Standard Industrial Classification (ISIC). The results of the study show that the total factor productivity in the manufacturing sector is decreased because the pure technical efficiency and the scale efficiency have decreased. Refined petroleum products industries have had the greatest growth of the total factor productivity through the technological change. Also, shipping industries have had the greatest decline of the total factor productivity. The total factor productivity in most industries has been variable, and 18 industries have had positive total factor productivity changes. The averages of technical efficiencies in Iran's manufacturing sector, with the assumption of constant return to scale and variable return to scale, are 0.42 and 0.34 respectively. Also, the average of scale efficiency in industries is 0.79.

Keywords

Main Subjects


  1. الف) منابع و مآخذ فارسی

    1. امامی‌میبدی، علی (1379). اصول اندازه‌گیری کارایی و بهره‌وری، موسسه مطالعات و پژوهش‌های بازرگانی.
    2. امامی‌میبدی، علی. خوشکلام، موسی. و مهدوی، روح‌الله (1388). "تاثیر سرمایه انسانی بر بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید بخش صنعت استان آذربایجان شرقی". فصلنامه پژوهش‌های اقتصادی ایران 41.
    3. حکیمی‌پور، نادر. عوضعلی پور، محمد صادق. و قائمی، ذبیح الله (1391). "ارزیابی تغییرات بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولیدی صنایع بزرگ در استآن‌های ایران با استفاده از شاخص مالم کوئیست". فصلنامه پژوهش‌های مدیریت عمومی، 18.
    4. زراء‌نژاد، منصور. و یوسفی حاجی‌آباد، رضا (1388). "ارزیابی بهره‌وری کل عوامل تولید بانک مسکن". فصلنامه پول و اقتصاد. بانک مرکزی. 2.
    5. صادقیان، محمد (1391). ارزیابی بهره‌وری عوامل تولید صنایع فولاد در ایران، پایان‌نامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران.

     

    ب) منابع و مآخذ لاتین

    1. Boon, L. (2013)."Efficiency and Productivity Change of Australia Manufacturing Sector 2001-2010: An Analysis Using Bootstrapped Truncated Approach". Singapore Economic Review 44 (2): 41-82.

    2. Charnes. A. Cooper, W. and Rhodes, E. (1981). "Measuring the efficiency of decision making units’".European Journal of Operational Research 2(6): 429-444.

    3. Chen, Y. (2011). "Productivity of Automobile Industries using the Malmquist Index: Evidence from the Last Economic Recession". Journal of Centrum Cathedra 4(2): 165-181.

    4. Coelli, T. (1998)."A Guide to DEAP Version2.1: A Data Envelopment Analysis Program". Department of Econometrics, University of New England

    5. Coelli, T Prasada Rao, D. S. & Battese, G. E. (1998). An Introduction to Efficiency and Productivity Analysis, New York, Springer, Science Business Modia.

    6. Coelli, T. and Walding, S. (2005). "Performance Measurement in the Australian Water Supply Industry".CEPA Working Paper Series 01/2005. 

    7. Fare R & Grosskopf.(1992)."Malmquist Productivity Indexes and Fisher Ideal Indexed". Economic Journal (102):158-160.

    8. Fare, R., S. Grosskopf, Norris, and P. Zhang (1994). "Productivity Growth, Technical Progress and Efficiency Changes in Industrialized Countries". American Economic Review 84(1): 66-83.

    9. Färe, R, Grosskopf, S, Lindgren, B & Roos, P. (1998). Productivity Developments in Swedish Hospitals: A Malmquist Output Index Approach, Boston, Kluwer.

    10. Gachanja, P and Were,N and Etyang,M.(2013). Total Factor Productivity Change in the Kenyan Manufacturing Sector, Scholar's Press, Kenya.

    11. Lovell, C.(1998). Applying Efficiency Measurement Techniques to the Measurement Productivity Analysis, Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    12. Mohan R, and Ray, C. (2004). "Productivity Growth and Efficiency in Indian Banking: A Comparison of Public, Private, and Foreign Banks". University of Connecticut, Economics Working Papers.

    13. Pasiouras, E and Sifodaskalakis, E. (2007). "Total Factor Productivity Change of Greek Cooperative Banks". University of Bath. Working Paper Series,13.

    14. Rodrik, D and Subramanian, A. (2004). "From 'Hindu Growth' to Productivity Surge: The Mystery of the Indian Growth Transition".IMF Working Paper WP/04/77, International Monetary Fund, Washington DC.

    15. Senturk, S.(2011). Total Factor Productivity Growthin Turkish Manufacturing Industries A Malmquist Productivity Index Approach. Royal Instituteof Technology. Stockholm, Sweden.

    16. Unel, B. (2003). "Productivity Trends in India’s Manufacturing Sectors in the Last Two Decades".IMF Working Paper, WP/03/22, International Monetary Fund, Washington DC.

    17. Yörük, B and Zaim, O.(2005). "Productivity Growth in OECD Countries: A Comparison with Malmquist Indices". Journal of Comparative Economy (33):401-420.