The effect of urbanization and industrialization on energy efficiency in the provinces of Iran: The spatial econometric approach

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Ph.D of economic in Razi University

2 Assistant Professor of economics in Mazandaran University

Abstract

Increasing energy efficiency is an effective policy to reduce the negative externality of economic development. The study estimates and evaluates the factors affecting energy efficiency by using the data at the provincial level in Iran over a period from 2006 to 2015. The results of the stochastic frontier approach show that Bushehr and Ilam provinces have the highest and the lowest rate of efficiency equal to 0.41 and 0.16 respectively. The results of the spatial econometrics show that there is a positive spillover effect among the provinces in terms of energy efficiency. Also, the direct effects of industrialization and population density on energy efficiency are positive, but its spillover effect is negative. As another finding, the direct effects of urbanization and per capita income are negative, but the spillover effect of urbanization is positive and significant.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. ابراهیمی، محسن. سالاریان، محمد. و حاجی میرزایی، محمدعلی (1387). "بررسی مکانیسم‌های اثرگذاری درآمد نفتی بر رشد اقتصادی کشورهای صادرکننده نفت از دیدگاه بلای منابع طبیعی". فصلنامه مطالعات اقتصاد انرژی 5(16): 156-131.
  2. شهابی‌نژاد، وحید (1395). "اندازه‌گیری کارایی و پتانسیل صرفه‌جویی در مصرف انرژی در کشورهای آسیا: تحلیل مرزی تصادفی". فصلنامه مطالعات اقتصاد انرژی 12(49): 224-201.
  3. کریمی، زهرا. و کشاورزی، رحمان (1390). "توان اشتغال‌زایی بخش صنعت در ایران". ماهنامه سیاسی اقتصادی 285: 271-250.
  4. کفایی، محمدعلی. و آقائیان وش، پریا (1395). "برآورد و مقایسه کارایی انرژی در بخش‌های اقتصادی ایران". فصلنامه اقتصاد و الگوسازی 7(27): 122-97.
  5. کفایی، محمدعلی. و آقائیان وش، پریا (1396). "شناسایی عوامل موثر بر کارایی انرژی بخشی در اقتصاد ایران". فصلنامه مطالعات اقتصاد انرژی 13(52): 34-1.
  6. کفایی، محمدعلی. و خسروی، عاطفه (1395). "برآورد کارایی انرژی در استان‌های ایران به روش تابع مرزی تصادفی". فصلنامه مطالعات اقتصاد انرژی 12(50): 128-101.
  7. گراوند، سهراب. مهرگان، نادر. صادقی، حسین. و ملکشاهی، مجتبی (1392). "ارزیابی کارایی انرژی در صنعت پتروشیمی کشور". سیاست‌گذاری اقتصادی 5(10): 74-57.
    1. Adams, B. (2008). Green Development: Environment and Sustainability in a Developing World, London, Routledge Press.
    2. Adom, P. K. Amakye, K. Abrokwa, K. K. & Quaidoo, C. (2018). "Estimate of Transient and Persistent Energy Efficiency in Africa: A Stochastic Frontier Approach". Energy Conversion and Management 166: 556-568.‏
    3. Battese, G. E. and Coelli, T. J. (1995). "A Model for Technical Inefficiency Effects in a Stochastic Frontier Production Function for Panel Data". Empirical Economics 20(2): 325-332.
    4. Breheny, M. (2001). "Densities and Sustainable Cities: the UK Experience". In: Echinique, M. Saint, A. (Eds.) Cities for the New Millennium, London, Spon Press.
    5. Burgess, R. (2000). "The Compact City Debate: a Global Perspective". Compact Cities: Sustainable Urban Forms for Developing Countries 9-24.
    6. Burton, E. (2000). "The Compact City: Just or Just Compact? A Preliminary Analysis". Urban Studies 37(11): 1969-2006.
    7. Capello, R. &Camagni, R. (2000). "Beyond Optimal City Size: an Evaluation of Alternative Urban Growth Patterns". Urban Studies 37(9): 1479-1496.
    8. Chenery, H. Robinson, S. and Syrquin, M. (1986). Industrialization and Growth (p. 175), New York, Oxford University Press.‏
    9. Fan, Y. Liu, L. C. Wu, G. & Wei, Y. M. (2006). "Analyzing Impact Factors of CO2 Emissions using the STIRPAT Model". Environmental Impact Assessment Review 26(4): 377-395.
    10. Jones, D. W. (1991). "How Urbanization Affects Energy-Use in Developing Countries". Energy Policy 19(7): 621-630.
    11. Kaldor, N. (1966). Causes of the Slow Rate of Economic Growth of the United Kingdom: an Inaugural Lecture, London, Cambridge University Press.
    12. Kopidou, D. Tsakanikas, A. Diakoulaki, D. Common (2016). "Common Trends and Drivers of CO2 Emissions and Employment: a Decomposition Analysis in the Industrial Sector of Selected European Union Countries". Journal of Cleaner Production 112: 4159-4172.
    13. Lewis, W. A. (1954). "Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labour". The Manchester School 22(2): 139-191.
    14. Lewis, W. A. (1980). "The Slowing Down of the Engine of Growth". The American Economic Review 70(4): 555-564.
    15. LI, K. Fang, L. and He, L. (2018). "How Urbanization Affects China's Energy Efficiency: A Spatial Econometric Analysis". Journal of Cleaner Production 200: 1130-1141.‏
    16. Lin, B. and Long, H. (2015). "A Stochastic Frontier Analysis of Energy Efficiency of China's Chemical Industry". Journal of Cleaner Production 87: 235-244.
    17. Lin, B. and Wang, X. (2014). "Exploring Energy Efficiency in China׳s Iron and Steel Industry: A Stochastic Frontier Approach". Energy Policy 72: 87-96.
    18. Lin, B. and Yang, L. (2013). "The Potential Estimation and Factor Analysis of China′s Energy Conservation on Thermal Power Industry". Energy Policy 62: 354-362.
    19. Liu, J. Cheng, Z. and Zhang, H. (2017). "Does Industrial Agglomeration Promote the Increase of Energy Efficiency in China?". Journal of Cleaner Production 164: 30-37.
    20. Liu, W. and Lin, B. (2018). "Analysis of Energy Efficiency and its Influencing Factors in China's Transport Sector". Journal of Cleaner Production 170: 674-682.
    21. Mori, K. and Christodoulou, A. (2012). "Review of Sustainability Indices and Indicators: Towards a New City Sustainability Index (CSI) ". Environmental Impact Assessment Review 32(1): 94-106.‏
    22. Otsuka, A. and Goto, M. (2015). "Estimation and Determinants of Energy Efficiency in Japanese Regional Economies". Regional Science Policy & Practice 7(2): 89-101.
    23. Pitt, M. M. and Lee, L. F. (1981). "The Measurement and Sources of Technical Inefficiency in the Indonesian Weaving Industry". Journal of Development Economics 9(1): 43-64.‏
    24. Xie, C. Bai, M. & Wang, X. (2018). "Accessing Provincial Energy Efficiencies in China’s Transport Sector". Energy Policy 123: 525-532.
The Journal of Economic Policy
Volume 12, Issue 23
October 2020
Pages 167-188

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics